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ASTM A372 Grade A Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4047 Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade A steel and SAE-AISI 4047 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade A steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4047 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 22
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 320
370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
48
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 95
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 200
260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.3
0.45 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.85
97.9 to 98.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040