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ASTM A372 Grade E Steel vs. ASTM A227 Spring Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade E steel and ASTM A227 spring steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade E steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A227 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 280
500 to 640
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 22
12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 380
900 to 1160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 570
1030 to 1330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 910
1720 to 2220
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 550
1430 to 1850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130 to 160
200 to 260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 32
61 to 79
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 27
41 to 48
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
55 to 71

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.25 to 0.35
0.45 to 0.85
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.3
97.4 to 99.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.9
0.3 to 1.3
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.050

Comparable Variants