ASTM A372 Grade E Steel vs. ASTM A414 Steel
Both ASTM A372 grade E steel and ASTM A414 steel are iron alloys.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade E steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A414 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 to 280 | |
| 110 to 180 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 20 to 22 | |
| 15 to 26 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 310 to 380 | |
| 140 to 260 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 410 to 570 | |
| 230 to 370 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 650 to 910 | |
| 360 to 590 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 430 to 550 | |
| 190 to 350 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 44 | |
| 49 to 50 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 7.2 to 7.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 8.3 to 8.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.4 | |
| 2.2 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 to 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 1.5 to 1.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 20 | |
| 20 to 22 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 48 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 130 to 160 | |
| 69 to 130 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 500 to 810 | |
| 100 to 330 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 23 to 32 | |
| 13 to 21 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 to 27 | |
| 14 to 20 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 to 27 | |
| 11 to 17 |