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ASTM A372 Grade E Steel vs. CR012A Copper

ASTM A372 grade E steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CR012A copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade E steel and the bottom bar is CR012A copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 22
15
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
43
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 910
220
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 550
130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1090
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1040
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
390
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
100
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
33
Density, g/cm3 7.8
9.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
2.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
360

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130 to 160
29
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500 to 810
76
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 32
6.8
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 27
9.0
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
110
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
7.8

Alloy Composition

Bismuth (Bi), % 0
0 to 0.00050
Carbon (C), % 0.25 to 0.35
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
99.85 to 99.94
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.9
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Silver (Ag), % 0
0.060 to 0.080
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0