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ASTM A372 Grade E Steel vs. Nickel 690

ASTM A372 grade E steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 690 belongs to the nickel alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade E steel and the bottom bar is nickel 690.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 280
90
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 22
3.4 to 34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 380
180 to 300
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 570
420 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 910
640 to 990
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 550
250 to 760

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
1.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
1.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
50
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
120
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
290

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130 to 160
31 to 170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500 to 810
160 to 1440
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 32
21 to 33
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 27
20 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
3.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
16 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.25 to 0.35
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
27 to 31
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.3
7.0 to 11
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.9
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
58 to 66
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.015

Comparable Variants