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ASTM A372 Grade F Steel vs. EN 2.4951 Nickel

ASTM A372 grade F steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4951 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade F steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4951 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 280
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 22
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 380
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 570
500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 910
750
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 550
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1150
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1310
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
1.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
1.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
60
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
9.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
280

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130 to 160
200
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500 to 810
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 32
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 27
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
3.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
23

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.3
Carbon (C), % 0.3 to 0.4
0.080 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
18 to 21
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 5.0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.9
0 to 5.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
65.4 to 81.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.2 to 0.6