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ASTM A372 Grade G Steel vs. AISI 309 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade G steel and AISI 309 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 64% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade G steel and the bottom bar is AISI 309 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 280
180 to 210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 22
34 to 47
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 380
250 to 280
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 570
420 to 470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 910
600 to 710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 550
260 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
15

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.2
19
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
51
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130 to 160
200 to 230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500 to 810
170 to 310
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 32
21 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 27
20 to 23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
14 to 16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.25 to 0.35
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.65
22 to 24
Iron (Fe), % 97.4 to 98.4
58 to 66
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
12 to 15
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.030

Comparable Variants