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ASTM A372 Grade G Steel vs. R30016 Cobalt

ASTM A372 grade G steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while R30016 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade G steel and the bottom bar is R30016 cobalt.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
220
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 22
8.4
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 380
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
85
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 910
1010
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 550
580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1270
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
1.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
2.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
7.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
110
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
500

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130 to 160
72
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500 to 810
770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 32
33
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 27
26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
24

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.25 to 0.35
0.9 to 1.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.65
28 to 32
Cobalt (Co), % 0
49.6 to 66.9
Iron (Fe), % 97.4 to 98.4
0 to 3.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 1.0
0.5 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 3.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.2 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
3.5 to 5.5