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ASTM A372 Grade G Steel vs. S31727 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade G steel and S31727 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 59% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade G steel and the bottom bar is S31727 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 280
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 22
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 380
240
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 570
430
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 910
630
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 550
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.2
24
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
4.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
64
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130 to 160
200
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500 to 810
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 32
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 27
20
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.25 to 0.35
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.65
17.5 to 19
Copper (Cu), % 0
2.8 to 4.0
Iron (Fe), % 97.4 to 98.4
53.7 to 61.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
3.8 to 4.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
14.5 to 16.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.21
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.030