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ASTM A372 Grade K Steel vs. EN 2.4650 Nickel

ASTM A372 grade K steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4650 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4650 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Elongation at Break, % 23
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 440
480
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Shear Strength, MPa 490
730
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 780
1090
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 620
650

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
1.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.9
1.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
80
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 24
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 57
360

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
320
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1010
1030
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
28
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
3.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23
33

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Boron (B), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.18
0.040 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.8
19 to 21
Cobalt (Co), % 0
19 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 93.4 to 96.6
0 to 0.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.4
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.6
5.6 to 6.1
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 3.3
46.9 to 54.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.0070
Titanium (Ti), % 0
1.9 to 2.4