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ASTM A372 Grade K Steel vs. EN 2.4669 Nickel

ASTM A372 grade K steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4669 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4669 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 440
390
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 490
680
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 780
1110
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 620
720

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
960
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1330
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
1.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.9
1.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
60
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 24
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 57
260

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1010
1380
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
37
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
28
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
3.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23
33

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.4 to 1.0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.18
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.8
14 to 17
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 1.0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 93.4 to 96.6
5.0 to 9.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.4
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 3.3
65.9 to 77.7
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
2.3 to 2.8