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ASTM A372 Grade K Steel vs. EN 2.4680 Cast Nickel

ASTM A372 grade K steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4680 cast nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4680 cast nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Elongation at Break, % 23
9.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 440
120
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.26
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
84
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 780
600
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 620
260

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
350
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
1050
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
15

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
60
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
9.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 24
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 57
350

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
45
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1010
160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
3.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.18
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.8
48 to 52
Iron (Fe), % 93.4 to 96.6
0 to 1.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.4
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 3.3
42.9 to 51
Niobium (Nb), % 0
1.0 to 1.8
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.16
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.020