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ASTM A372 Grade K Steel vs. SAE-AISI M4 Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade K steel and SAE-AISI M4 steel are iron alloys. They have 81% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 780
770 to 2150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
25
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
14
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 24
210
Embodied Water, L/kg 57
110

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.7
30
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
26 to 72
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
23 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
6.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23
24 to 68

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.18
1.3 to 1.4
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.8
3.8 to 4.8
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 93.4 to 96.6
75.9 to 81.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.4
0.15 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.6
4.3 to 5.5
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 3.3
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.2 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
5.3 to 6.5
Vanadium (V), % 0
3.8 to 4.5