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ASTM A372 Grade K Steel vs. R30155 Cobalt

Both ASTM A372 grade K steel and R30155 cobalt are iron alloys. They have a modest 35% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel and the bottom bar is R30155 cobalt.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 230
220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Elongation at Break, % 23
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 440
310
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
81
Shear Strength, MPa 490
570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 780
850
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 620
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
80
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
9.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 24
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 57
300

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.7
37
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1010
370
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
3.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.18
0.080 to 0.16
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.8
20 to 22.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
18.5 to 21
Iron (Fe), % 93.4 to 96.6
24.3 to 36.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.4
1.0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.6
2.5 to 3.5
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 3.3
19 to 21
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.75 to 1.3
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.030
Tantalum (Ta), % 0
0.75 to 1.3
Tungsten (W), % 0
2.0 to 3.0