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ASTM A372 Grade L Steel vs. SAE-AISI 81B45 Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade L steel and SAE-AISI 81B45 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade L steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 81B45 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 350
160 to 200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
12 to 24
Fatigue Strength, MPa 670
250 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 700
340 to 400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1160
540 to 670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1040
350 to 560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
40
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 54
49

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 150
77 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 2890
320 to 840
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 41
19 to 24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
19 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 34
17 to 21

Alloy Composition

Boron (B), % 0
0.00050 to 0.0030
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0.43 to 0.48
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.35 to 0.55
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 96.3
97 to 98
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0.080 to 0.15
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0.2 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040