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ASTM A372 Grade M Steel vs. AISI 418 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade M steel and AISI 418 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel and the bottom bar is AISI 418 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 240 to 280
330
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 450 to 520
520
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 510 to 570
680
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 810 to 910
1100
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 660 to 770
850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 450
770
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1500
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1460
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.0
2.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
3.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 5.0
15
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 61
110

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 3.4
19
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1140 to 1580
1830
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29 to 32
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 27
40

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.23
0.15 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 1.5 to 2.0
12 to 14
Iron (Fe), % 92.5 to 95.1
78.5 to 83.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.4
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.4 to 0.6
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 2.8 to 3.9
1.8 to 2.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
2.5 to 3.5
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.080
0