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ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. AISI 405 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and AISI 405 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 87% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 405 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140 to 160
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 230
130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 300 to 330
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 470 to 520
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 310
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
820
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.7
13
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 110
84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 250
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 18
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.1 to 0.3
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.17
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
11.5 to 14.5
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.2
82.5 to 88.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.65
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.6
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.4
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.030