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ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade E Steel

Both ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and ASTM A372 grade E steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade E steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140 to 160
200 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
20 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 230
310 to 380
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 300 to 330
410 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 470 to 520
650 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 310
430 to 550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
2.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 110
130 to 160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 250
500 to 810
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 18
23 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
21 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.17
0.25 to 0.35
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0.8 to 1.2
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.2
97 to 98.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.65
0.4 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.4
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.010

Comparable Variants