ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. Austempered Cast Iron
Both ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and austempered cast iron are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 93% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is austempered cast iron.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 140 to 160 | |
| 270 to 490 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 180 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 25 | |
| 1.1 to 13 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 62 to 69 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 470 to 520 | |
| 860 to 1800 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 310 | |
| 560 to 1460 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 280 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 44 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.8 | |
| 2.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.6 | |
| 1.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 25 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 48 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 98 to 110 | |
| 19 to 95 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 to 250 | |
| 880 to 3970 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 16 to 18 | |
| 32 to 66 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 to 18 | |
| 27 to 44 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 15 | |
| 25 to 53 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Arsenic (As), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.17 | |
| 3.4 to 3.8 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.2 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.8 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97 to 98.2 | |
| 89.6 to 94 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 0.65 | |
| 0.3 to 0.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.45 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Selenium (Se), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.4 | |
| 2.3 to 2.7 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |