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ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. EN 2.4650 Nickel

ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4650 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4650 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Elongation at Break, % 25
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 230
480
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Shear Strength, MPa 300 to 330
730
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 470 to 520
1090
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 310
650

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
1.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
1.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
80
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
360

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 110
320
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 250
1030
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 18
36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
28
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
3.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
33

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Boron (B), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.17
0.040 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
19 to 21
Cobalt (Co), % 0
19 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.2
0 to 0.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.65
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.6
5.6 to 6.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0
46.9 to 54.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.4
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.0070
Titanium (Ti), % 0
1.9 to 2.4