ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. Grade CU5MCuC Nickel
ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade CU5MCuC nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 32% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is grade CU5MCuC nickel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 25 | |
| 22 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 190 to 230 | |
| 170 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 77 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 470 to 520 | |
| 580 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 310 | |
| 270 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 310 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 430 | |
| 980 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1420 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1370 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 460 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.8 | |
| 45 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.2 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.6 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 110 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 230 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 2.7 | |
| 31 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 98 to 110 | |
| 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 to 250 | |
| 190 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 16 to 18 | |
| 20 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 to 18 | |
| 19 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 15 | |
| 16 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.17 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.2 | |
| 19.5 to 23.5 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 1.5 to 3.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97 to 98.2 | |
| 22.2 to 37.9 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 0.65 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.45 to 0.6 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 38 to 44 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0.6 to 1.2 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |