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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. AISI 316 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and AISI 316 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 316 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150 to 180
160 to 360
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
8.0 to 55
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
210 to 430
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
78
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
350 to 690
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
520 to 1180
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
230 to 850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
590
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
19
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
3.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
53
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 6.4
26
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
85 to 260
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
130 to 1820
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
18 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
18 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
11 to 26

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
16 to 18
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
62 to 72
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
2.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
10 to 14
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.030

Comparable Variants