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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. EN 2.4889 Nickel

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4889 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 27% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4889 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150 to 180
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
39
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
77
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
350
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
1200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1350
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1300
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
13
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
1.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
1.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
42
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
6.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
98
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
250

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 6.4
28
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
220
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
3.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0.050 to 0.12
Cerium (Ce), % 0
0.030 to 0.090
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
26 to 29
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.3
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
21 to 25
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
45 to 50.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
2.5 to 3.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.010