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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. CC480K Bronze

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CC480K bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is CC480K bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150 to 180
88
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 21
13
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
41
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
300
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
180

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
190
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1010
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
900
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
370
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
63
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
18

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
11
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
35
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
59
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
390

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
35
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
6.9
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
9.6
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
11
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
20
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.010
Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.2
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
86 to 90
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
0 to 0.2
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 1.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.2
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.020
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.050
Tin (Sn), % 0
9.0 to 11
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.5