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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. CR011A Copper

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CR011A copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is CR011A copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 21
15
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
43
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
220
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1090
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1040
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
390
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
100
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
32
Density, g/cm3 7.9
9.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
340

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
29
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
76
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
6.8
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
9.0
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
110
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
7.8

Alloy Composition

Bismuth (Bi), % 0
0 to 0.00050
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
99.88 to 99.97
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0
Silver (Ag), % 0
0.030 to 0.050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0