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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. Solder Alloy 123

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while solder alloy 123 belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is solder alloy 123.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150 to 180
8.0
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
18
Elongation at Break, % 21
45
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.44
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
6.2
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
28

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
26
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
310
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
300
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
130
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
23
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
29

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
8.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
7.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
75
Density, g/cm3 7.9
11
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
74
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
500

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
0.9
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
7.8
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
0.69
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
1.8
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
16
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
3.8

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.0010
Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.5
Arsenic (As), % 0
0 to 0.030
Bismuth (Bi), % 0
0 to 0.1
Cadmium (Cd), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.080
Gold (Au), % 0
0 to 0.050
Indium (In), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
0 to 0.020
Lead (Pb), % 0
93.5 to 95.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.010
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0
Silver (Ag), % 0
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
4.5 to 5.5
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.0010