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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. Nickel 333

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 333 belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 22% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is nickel 333.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Elongation at Break, % 21
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
81
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
630
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
11
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
1.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
1.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
55
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
8.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
120
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
270

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
2.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
24 to 27
Cobalt (Co), % 0
2.5 to 4.0
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
9.3 to 24.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
2.5 to 4.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
44 to 48
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 1.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
2.5 to 4.0