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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. Nickel 59

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 59 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is nickel 59.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
220
Elongation at Break, % 21
50
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
84
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
560
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
330
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
990
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1500
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
430
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
10
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
65
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
12
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
320
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
280
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
2.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.1 to 0.4
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.010
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
22 to 24
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
0 to 1.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
15 to 16.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
56.2 to 62.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.010