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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. Nickel 684

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 684 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is nickel 684.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150 to 180
310
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
390
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
76
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
710
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
1190
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
800

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1370
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
75
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
360

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
1610
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
30
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
34

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
2.5 to 3.3
Boron (B), % 0
0.0030 to 0.010
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
15 to 20
Cobalt (Co), % 0
13 to 20
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.15
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
0 to 4.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 0.75
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
3.0 to 5.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
42.7 to 64
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
2.5 to 3.3