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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. Nickel 689

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 689 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is nickel 689.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150 to 180
350
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Elongation at Break, % 21
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
420
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
80
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
790
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
1250
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
690

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
330
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
990
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
70
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
11
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
330

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
240
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
1170
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
30
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
35

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.75 to 1.3
Boron (B), % 0
0.0030 to 0.010
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0.1 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
18 to 20
Cobalt (Co), % 0
9.0 to 11
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
0 to 5.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
9.0 to 10.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
48.3 to 60.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
2.3 to 2.8