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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. Type 3 Magnetic Alloy

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 3 magnetic alloy belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is Type 3 magnetic alloy.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
180
Elongation at Break, % 21
43
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.31
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
70
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
380
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
910
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1370
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
55
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
8.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
120
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
220

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
22
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
17
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
2.0 to 3.0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 0.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
4.0 to 6.0
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
9.9 to 19
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
75 to 78
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.020