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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. N08221 Nickel

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while N08221 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 33% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is N08221 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
79
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
610
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
44
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
7.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
110
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
240

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 6.4
40
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
170
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
19
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.2
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.025
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
20 to 22
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.5 to 3.0
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
22 to 33.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
5.0 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
39 to 46
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.6 to 1.0