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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. N10001 Nickel

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while N10001 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is N10001 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
220
Elongation at Break, % 21
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
300
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.31
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
84
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
550
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
900
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1620
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1570
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
10

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
75
Density, g/cm3 7.9
9.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
15
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
200
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
260

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
290
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
280
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
22
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
21
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
0 to 1.0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 2.5
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
4.0 to 6.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
26 to 30
Nickel (Ni), % 0
58 to 69.8
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.2 to 0.4