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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. S45000 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and S45000 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 80% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is S45000 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150 to 180
280 to 410
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
6.8 to 14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
330 to 650
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
76
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
590 to 830
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
980 to 1410
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
580 to 1310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
840
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
13
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
39
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
130

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 6.4
17
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
94 to 160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
850 to 4400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
35 to 50
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
28 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
4.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
33 to 47

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
14 to 16
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.3 to 1.8
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
72.1 to 79.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0.5 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.0 to 7.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.030

Comparable Variants