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ASTM A387 Grade 21L Class 1 vs. AISI 312 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A387 grade 21L class 1 and AISI 312 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21L class 1 and the bottom bar is AISI 312 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
370
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
80
Shear Strength, MPa 310
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230
510

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
17
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
170

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 6.4
33
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84
190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140
640
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
24 to 26
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96.1
62.2 to 69.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
1.2 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.5 to 6.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.14 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.030