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ASTM A387 Grade 9 Steel vs. Grey Cast Iron

Both ASTM A387 grade 9 steel and grey cast iron are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 90% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 9 steel and the bottom bar is grey cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150 to 180
160 to 300
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
180
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 21
9.6
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 240
69 to 170
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
69
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 380
180 to 610
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 600
160 to 450
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
98 to 290

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1180
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 9.0
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 10
8.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.1
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 87
44

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83 to 110
13 to 37
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 310
27 to 240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
5.8 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
8.7 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.9
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
6.0 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
3.1 to 3.4
Chromium (Cr), % 8.0 to 10
0
Iron (Fe), % 87.1 to 90.8
92.1 to 93.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.5 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.9
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
2.5 to 2.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.15
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.040
0