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ASTM A387 Grade 91 Class 2 vs. ACI-ASTM CD4MCu Steel

Both ASTM A387 grade 91 class 2 and ACI-ASTM CD4MCu steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the normalized and tempered condition. They have 74% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 91 class 2 and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CD4MCu steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 20
18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330
340
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
770
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470
550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 600
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.9
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 10
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
18
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.6
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 37
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 88
180

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 13
32
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 580
760
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.9
4.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0 to 0.020
0
Carbon (C), % 0.080 to 0.12
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 8.0 to 9.5
24.5 to 26.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
2.8 to 3.3
Iron (Fe), % 87.3 to 90.3
59.9 to 66.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.85 to 1.1
1.8 to 2.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.4
4.8 to 6.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0.060 to 0.1
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.030 to 0.070
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.010
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.18 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0 to 0.010
0