MakeItFrom.com
Menu (ESC)

ASTM A387 Grade 91 Class 2 vs. ASTM A232 Spring Steel

Both ASTM A387 grade 91 class 2 and ASTM A232 spring steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 91% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 91 class 2 and the bottom bar is ASTM A232 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330
1040
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
73
Shear Strength, MPa 420
1090
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470
1610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 600
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.9
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 10
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.6
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 37
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 88
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.9
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
53

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0 to 0.020
0
Carbon (C), % 0.080 to 0.12
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 8.0 to 9.5
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 87.3 to 90.3
96.8 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.85 to 1.1
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.4
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0.060 to 0.1
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.030 to 0.070
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.035
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.010
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.18 to 0.25
0.15 to 0.3
Zirconium (Zr), % 0 to 0.010
0