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ASTM A387 Grade 91 Class 2 vs. Grade VDC Steel

Both ASTM A387 grade 91 class 2 and grade VDC steel are iron alloys. They have 90% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 91 class 2 and the bottom bar is grade VDC steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
510
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 600
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.9
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 10
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.6
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 37
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 88
47

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
60
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.9
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
50

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0 to 0.020
0
Carbon (C), % 0.080 to 0.12
0.6 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 8.0 to 9.5
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.060
Iron (Fe), % 87.3 to 90.3
98.3 to 99.35
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.5 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.85 to 1.1
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.4
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0.060 to 0.1
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.030 to 0.070
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.020
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.010
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.18 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0 to 0.010
0