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ASTM A414 Steel vs. Grade 16 Titanium

ASTM A414 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 16 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A414 steel and the bottom bar is grade 16 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 15 to 26
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140 to 260
240
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
38
Shear Strength, MPa 230 to 370
250
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 360 to 590
400
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 350
340

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
540
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 49 to 50
22
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
9.2

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.3
3.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3 to 8.4
7.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5 to 1.6
36
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20 to 22
600
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
230

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 69 to 130
86
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 100 to 330
550
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 21
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 20
27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
8.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11 to 17
29