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ASTM A514 Steel vs. 4145 Aluminum

ASTM A514 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 4145 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A514 steel and the bottom bar is 4145 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
73
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
2.2
Fatigue Strength, MPa 470 to 540
48
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
28
Shear Strength, MPa 490 to 520
69
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 830
120
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 690 to 770
68

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250 to 260
540
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400 to 440
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
590
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
520
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 37 to 51
100
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.6
26
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3 to 8.8
84

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3 to 3.8
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6 to 1.8
7.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21 to 25
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 57
1040

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 170
2.3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1280 to 1590
31
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 29
12
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 25
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 24
5.5