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ASTM A514 Steel vs. 7020 Aluminum

ASTM A514 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7020 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A514 steel and the bottom bar is 7020 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 240 to 250
45 to 100
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
8.4 to 14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 470 to 540
110 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 490 to 520
110 to 230
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 830
190 to 390
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 690 to 770
120 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250 to 260
380
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400 to 440
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 37 to 51
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.6
39
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3 to 8.8
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3 to 3.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
2.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6 to 1.8
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21 to 25
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 57
1150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 170
23 to 46
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1280 to 1590
110 to 690
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
47
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 29
18 to 37
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 25
25 to 41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
59
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 24
8.3 to 17