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ASTM A514 Steel vs. 8090 Aluminum

ASTM A514 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 8090 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A514 steel and the bottom bar is 8090 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
67
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
3.5 to 13
Fatigue Strength, MPa 470 to 540
91 to 140
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
25
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 830
340 to 490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 690 to 770
210 to 420

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250 to 260
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400 to 440
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
600
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
960
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 37 to 51
95 to 160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.6
20
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3 to 8.8
66

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3 to 3.8
18
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6 to 1.8
8.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21 to 25
170
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 57
1160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 170
16 to 41
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1280 to 1590
340 to 1330
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 29
34 to 49
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 25
39 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
36 to 60
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 24
15 to 22