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ASTM Grade HF Steel vs. Grade 14 Titanium

ASTM grade HF steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 14 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HF steel and the bottom bar is grade 14 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
110
Elongation at Break, % 29
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
41
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 550
460
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1000
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
540
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
8.7

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
3.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
6.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
37
Density, g/cm3 7.7
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 46
520
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
210

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130
93
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
450
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
8.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
35

Alloy Composition


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Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.4
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 23
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 60 to 73.8
0 to 0.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 12
0.4 to 0.6
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.15
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Ruthenium (Ru), % 0
0.040 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
98.4 to 99.56
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4