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ASTM Grade HH Steel vs. Automotive Malleable Cast Iron

Both ASTM grade HH steel and automotive malleable cast iron are iron alloys. They have 61% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HH steel and the bottom bar is automotive malleable cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170
130 to 290
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
180
Elongation at Break, % 11
1.0 to 10
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
70
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580
350 to 720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
220 to 590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.7
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 53
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 53
6.8 to 30
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
130 to 950
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
13 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
14 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.8
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
9.9 to 21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
2.2 to 2.9
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Iron (Fe), % 52.9 to 64.8
93.6 to 96.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.15 to 1.3
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 11 to 14
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0.020 to 0.15
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.9 to 1.9
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0.020 to 0.2