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ASTM Grade HH Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4028 Steel

Both ASTM grade HH steel and SAE-AISI 4028 steel are iron alloys. They have 60% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HH steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4028 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170
150 to 190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
14 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
180 to 330
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580
490 to 630
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
260 to 520

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.7
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 53
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 53
81 to 95
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
180 to 720
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
17 to 22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
18 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.8
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
16 to 20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
0.25 to 0.3
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Iron (Fe), % 52.9 to 64.8
98.1 to 98.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 11 to 14
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0.035 to 0.050