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ASTM Grade HH Steel vs. C19700 Copper

ASTM grade HH steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C19700 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HH steel and the bottom bar is C19700 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
120
Elongation at Break, % 11
2.4 to 13
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
43
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580
400 to 530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
330 to 520

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1090
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1040
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
250
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
86 to 88
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
87 to 89

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
30
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.7
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 53
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 53
12 to 49
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
460 to 1160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
12 to 16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
14 to 16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.8
73
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
14 to 19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 0.050
Copper (Cu), % 0
97.4 to 99.59
Iron (Fe), % 52.9 to 64.8
0.3 to 1.2
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.050
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.010 to 0.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.050
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 11 to 14
0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0.1 to 0.4
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.2