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ASTM Grade HK Steel vs. 238.0 Aluminum

ASTM grade HK steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 238.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HK steel and the bottom bar is 238.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
76
Elongation at Break, % 11
1.5
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
28
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
210
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
430
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
840
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
100
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
25
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
67

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
7.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 63
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
1040

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
2.9
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
42
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
37
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
9.1

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
81.9 to 84.9
Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
9.5 to 10.5
Iron (Fe), % 44.8 to 57.8
1.0 to 1.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
3.6 to 4.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
1.0 to 1.5