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ASTM Grade HK Steel vs. AWS E410

Both ASTM grade HK steel and AWS E410 are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HK steel and the bottom bar is AWS E410.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
23
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
440

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
28
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
3.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
7.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 63
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 27
13
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
500
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
7.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
11 to 13.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 44.8 to 57.8
82.2 to 89
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
0 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.9
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030