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ASTM Grade HK Steel vs. CC212E Bronze

ASTM grade HK steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CC212E bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HK steel and the bottom bar is CC212E bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
130
Elongation at Break, % 11
20
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
47
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
230
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
220
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
1020
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
440
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
18

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
3.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
27
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 63
55
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
370

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
390
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
8.5
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
20
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
21
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
22

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
7.0 to 9.0
Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
68 to 77
Iron (Fe), % 44.8 to 57.8
2.0 to 4.0
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.050
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
8.0 to 15
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
1.5 to 4.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.5
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 1.0